Based on the contemporary Russian and Mongolian historiography, the article considers revolutionary activity in the Pax Mongolica in 1911–1921s. The author examines how it was influenced by the Russian Revolution of 1905–1907, the Xinhai Revolution of 1911–1913, and diplomatic efforts of the Foreign Ministry of the Russian Empire in particular by I. Y. Korotsovets and 8^thBodgo Dzhebzundamba-khutukhta. The last one resulted in signing such regulatory acts as the Russo-Mongolian Agreement of 1912, Russo-Chinese Declaration of 1913 and Kyakhta Tripartite Agreement. Moreover, it resulted in the development of the Pan-Mongolian movement, which later grew into Mongolian ideology. The author focuses on the historiography of the Russian Revolution of 1917, which affected dramatically the Mongolian Revolution of 1921.