The final period of the NEP is characterized by a high birth rate in the country, especially among the rural population. The period was not sufficiently considered by researchers, because it was necessary to compare demographics with the subsequent development of events. Such a comparison was dangerous because of party dictatorship and an attempt to hide or ignore the demographic catastrophe in the country during the collectivization. The population of Siberia maintained the traditional demographic behavior in the reproductive sphere. Land relations in the village, which stimulated the growth of families, early and productive work of young generation in small-scale farming were economic mechanisms that allowed to maintain a high birth rate. In cities but the practice of restricting childbearing was becoming more widespread. The population was well acquainted with the methods of regulating childbearing. The demographic rapid growth observed in the late 20s of the twentieth century could only be prolonged in one case: the refusal to modernize village.

Burmatov Alexandr Anatolievich, Candidate of Sciences (History), Kuibyshev Branch of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, 7, Molodezhnaya st., Kuibyshev, 632387, Russian Federation, Institute of History SB RAS, 8, Nikolaev st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation, e-mail: al-burmatov@yandex.ru

Burmatov A.A. Birth Rate in Siberia on the Eve of Collectivization: Delayed Demographic Transition. The Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series History, 2021, vol. 35, pp. 30-36. https://doi.org/10.26516/2222-9124.2021.35.30 (in Russian)

1. Gens A.B. Abort v derevne [Abortion in the village]. Moscow, Protection of motherhood and infancy Publ., 1926, 48 p. (in Russian)
2. Burmatov A.A., Dashinamzhilov O.B., Zverev V.A. , Isupov V.A., Korobeinikova N.S., Lamin V.A., Semenov M.A. Demograficheskaya istoriya Zapadnoj Sibiri (konec XIX–XX vv.) [Demographic history of Western Siberia (late 19^th – 20^th)]. Novosibirsk, Apostrophe Publ., 2017, 350 p. (in Russian)
3. Zverev V.A., Burmatov A.A. Population of Baraba in 1925-1940. Novosibirsk, Publishing house of NSPU, 2019, 279 p. (in Russian)
4. Isupov V.A. Redkoe yavlenie v demograficheskoj istorii Sibiri: demograficheskij vzryv vo vtoroj polovine 1920-h gg. [A rare phenomenon in the demographic history of Siberia: a demographic explosion in the second half of the 1920s.]. Humanities in Siberia, 2019, no. 4, pp. 79-84. (in Russian)
5. Konyus E.M. Puti razvitiya sovetskoj ohrany materinstva i mladenchestva (1917-1940) [Ways of development of the Soviet protection of motherhood and infancy (1917-1940)]. Moscow, Central institute of advanced training of doctors, 1954, 404 p. (in Russian)
6. Kto ty, krestiyanka, baba ili grazhdanka? [Who are you, a peasant, a woman, or a citizen?]. Moscow, Publ. of the Centrosoyuz, 1925, 8 p. (in Russian)
7. Lebedeva V. Predislovie [Preface]. Gens A. B. Abort v derevne [Abortion in the village]. Moscow, 1926, pp. 3-10. (in Russian)
8. Levi M.F. Preduprezhdenie beremennosti kak mera borby s abortom [Prevention of pregnancy as a measure to combat abortion]. Moscow, Moscow city health department Publ., 1924, 38 p. (in Russian)
9. Levi M.F. Protivozachatochnye sredstva kak mera borby s abortom [Contraceptives as a measure to combat abortion]. Moscow, Moscow City Health Department Publ., 1930, 62 p. (in Russian)
10. Gushchin N.Y., Isupov V.A. (eds.). Naselenie Zapadnoj Sibiri v HKH veke [Population of Western Siberia in the twentieth century]. Novosibirsk, SB RAS Publ., 1997, 172 p. (in Russian)
11. Slutsky A. Predvaritelnye itogi estestvennogo dvizheniya naseleniya v Sibkrae za 1928–1929 gg. [Preliminary results of natural population movement in Sibkrai in 1928-1929]. Statistika Sibiri [Statistics of Siberia], Novosibirsk, 1930, vol. 2, pp. 136-141. (in Russian)
12. Khromova P. Krestiyanka i kooperaciya [A peasant and cooperation]. Moscow, Centrosoyuz Publ., 1928, 94 p. (in Russian)
13. Shpak M.Z. Abort. Ego posledstviya i mery ego preduprezhdeniya [An Abortion. Its consequences and measures for its prevention]. Odessa, Svetoch Publ., 1926, 32 p. (in Russian)